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• We Beat the World at Batteries
• WE Suggested the Sphere
• How Long is Your Day?
• We Found Right-How Fast is Light
• We Knew What Pulled us Down

An interesting procedure, that gives proof for the usage and preparation of the battery cell is recorded in Agastya Samhita. The following lines illustrate the electrical cell.

Place copper plates in an earthern pot, cover it with copper sulphate and Moistened saw dust. Spread zinc powder and cover it with mercury. Due to Chemical reaction, +ve and –ve electricity is produced. He further says that this water is decomposed in to Oxygen and Hydrogen.

- Agastya Samhita

Interestingly the battery, in the procedure as explained, in the previous text is prepared and the same was tested and proved practical. When a cell was prepared according to Agastya Samhita and measured, it gives open circuit voltage as 1.138 volts, and short circuit current as 23 mA.

Everyone on the earth feels that he is at the top of the earth. But this is not true. Earth is not flat instead it is spherical in shape.

This was discussed in the ancient astronomical text, Surya Siddhanta.

“As the earth is round every person considers himself at the top of the earth where he or she is standing. So downward direction is towards the center of the earth for everyone.
- ‘Bhugoladhyaya, Surya Siddhanta’

Aryabhatta was the first to deduce that the earth is round. It must be mentioned that western science accepted that earth is spherical only in the 14th century.

The globe of earth stands suspended
in space at the centre of a circular frame
that is at the centre of the Bhagola
surrounded by the orbits of the planets;
it is made of water, soil, fire and air
and is circular on all sides that is
spherical.

(Aryabhatiya-Chapter4, verse 6)

23Hour 56 Minute 4 Second .1 fractions

- Aryabhatta

23 Hour 56 Minute 4 Second 0.091 fractions

- modern value

Minute 4 Second 0.1 fractions. The
corresponding modern value is 23
Hour 56 Minute 4 Second 0.091
fractions. The accuracy of the value
given by Aryabhatta is truly remarkable!

Thus it is remembered: [O Sun,] bow to you, you who traverse 2,202 yojanas in half a nimisha.

- Sayanacharya (Commentry on 4th verse of the hymn of Rigveda 1.50)

A definition to Gravity is discussed in ‘Navya Kandali’ as follows -
“Gravity is the cause for falling of liquids and solids. It is invisible and is inferred by the falling motion. Gravity acts not only on the body, but also equally on its finer constituents.”

Ancient Indian scriptures mention the existence of gravitational force. We can note several references regarding this, but the modern world waited till Newton to know the existence of Gravitational force.